Introduction:
Redefining our view of the natural world was Sir Isaac Newton, a towering figure in the history of Science. Newton, born in Woolsthorpe, Lincolnshire, England, on January 4, 1643, made significant contributions to physics, mathematics, and astronomy that built the groundwork for contemporary Science. His seminal work, best represented by his laws of motion and the law of universal gravitation, still influences modern scientific research and technological development.
Newton’s Contribution to Physics and Mathematics:
Newton holds a very unique position in the history of Mathematics and Physics, as he appears arguably 2nd in the list of great Mathematician (behind the Prince himself, J.C.F. Gauss (1777-1855)) and second in the list on great Physicists (behind Einstein (1879-1955)) whereas Gauss would be low down in the list of great Physicists (he does have a law of electrostatics that is now inducted in the James Clerk Maxwell (1831-1879) hall of fame as one of his immortal equations and Einstein would not appear in the Mathematics list at all.
Law of Viscosity:
Newton has so many laws that one has to say Newton’s law of cooling, viscosity, and motion. One must be careful, however, as he did sit on the shoulders of “Giants” such as Aristotle (384-322BCE). What might not be so well known is that his famous quote (1675):
“What Des-Cartes did was a good step. You (Hooke) have added much in several ways, & especially in taking the colours of thin plates into philosophical consideration. If I have seen further, it is by standing on the shoulders of Giants.” It was an insult to Robert Hooke (1635-1703) as Robert was short and had a hunchback. Hooke is one of my heroes, and I hope to write about him, but this post is for Isaac.
Newton with Leibniz:
Sir Issac Newton co-created Calculus with Leibniz, but his notation was not the best. This led to a rise of “Giants” of Mathematics in Europe who used the Leibnizian notation. In contrast, Newton’s notation used in the UK had fewer “Giants” (Maclaurin and Taylor being his only contemporaries).
Newton was evil and had two nervous breakdowns in his life; Huygens (1629-1695) claims that one was due to overwork; the other was due to the failed relationship that Newton had with a Swiss Mathematician Nicolas Fatio De Duillier (1664-1753).
Newton Famous Books:
Issac Newton penned arguably the most famous book in Science: the Principia in 1687, and in my house, I have ten framed posters from the History of Science Museum commemorating this publication; I have, of course, seen the real thing at the Wren library. This book was financed by Halley (1656-1742). Isaac Newton borrowed the axiomatic approach of Euclid’s Elements, which Einstein also adopted. Isaac himself then spawned many duplications of Principias by other Giants of Science (Charles Lyell (1797-1875) geology, B.Russell (1872-1970) Mathematics, Philosophy).
Conclusion:
In conclusion, Sir Isaac Newton left an immense and lasting scientific legacy. He is regarded as one of the greatest scientific brains in history because of his exacting techniques, curious attitude, and ground-breaking findings. We are indebted to the man who established the groundwork for the scientific revolution as we explore the wonders of the cosmos.
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